{"id":1123,"date":"2012-08-01T12:05:27","date_gmt":"2012-08-01T15:05:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/&#038;p=1123"},"modified":"2026-06-09T18:24:03","modified_gmt":"2026-06-09T18:24:03","slug":"direito-minerario-comparado-asia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/adz.technology\/demarest\/direito-minerario-comparado-asia\/","title":{"rendered":"Direito Miner\u00e1rio Comparado : \u00c1sia"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Na s\u00e9rie &nbsp;Direito&nbsp; Miner\u00e1rio &nbsp;comparado, estudamos &nbsp;os pa\u00edses asi\u00e1ticos em geral.(1) &nbsp;Al\u00e9m da China, &nbsp;que &nbsp;j\u00e1 &nbsp;foi &nbsp;estudada, h\u00e1 &nbsp;o&nbsp; Azerbaj\u00e3o, onde&nbsp; a atividade mineral \u00e9 basicamente regu- lada &nbsp;em&nbsp; n\u00edvel &nbsp;federal. Apenas &nbsp;em&nbsp; casos &nbsp;limi- tados h\u00e1 regula\u00e7\u00e3o da minera\u00e7\u00e3o em n\u00edvel municipal. Adota-se &nbsp;o sistema &nbsp;misto de outorga &nbsp;de&nbsp; explora\u00e7\u00e3o de&nbsp; Direitos &nbsp;Miner\u00e1rios por consentimentos administrativos ou contratos.<\/p>\n<p>Na Indon\u00e9sia, a atividade mineral \u00e9 regulada em &nbsp;v\u00e1rios &nbsp;n\u00edveis,&nbsp;&nbsp; inclusive o &nbsp;municipal. H\u00e1 uma&nbsp; lei geral &nbsp;de minera\u00e7\u00e3o que &nbsp;estabelece as normas &nbsp;gerais &nbsp;para &nbsp;o setor. Adotam &nbsp;o regime de &nbsp;consentimento administrativo e contratos.<\/p>\n<p>No Cazaquist\u00e3o, a atividade mineral \u00e9 regula- da por lei nacional. A outorga &nbsp;de Direitos&nbsp; Miner\u00e1rios compete ao&nbsp; Minist\u00e9rio &nbsp;da &nbsp;Ind\u00fastria. Adota-se &nbsp;sistema &nbsp;pr\u00f3prio &nbsp;de&nbsp; classifica\u00e7\u00e3o de reservas minerais, trazido &nbsp;do &nbsp;antigo&nbsp;&nbsp; Regime Sovi\u00e9tico.<\/p>\n<p>No Quirquist\u00e3o, o Parlamento tem compet\u00eancia&nbsp; legislativa sobre &nbsp;minerais. O controle &nbsp;da atividade&nbsp; &nbsp;est\u00e1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; a&nbsp; &nbsp;cargo&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;do&nbsp; &nbsp;Ministro&nbsp; &nbsp;dos Recursos &nbsp;Naturais. &nbsp;\u00c9 adotado o mesmo &nbsp;m\u00e9todo&nbsp;&nbsp; de&nbsp; &nbsp;classifica\u00e7\u00e3o &nbsp;de&nbsp; &nbsp;reservas &nbsp;da&nbsp; &nbsp;antiga Uni\u00e3o &nbsp;Sovi\u00e9tica (tal como o Cazaquist\u00e3o) que as classifica em quatro&nbsp; categorias de reservas minerais (A, B, C1 e C2) e tr\u00eas&nbsp; categorias de recursos minerais (P1, &nbsp;P2 e P3).<\/p>\n<p>Na Mong\u00f3lia, uma lei nacional regula a minera\u00e7\u00e3o&nbsp; &nbsp;em &nbsp;todo &nbsp;o &nbsp;pa\u00eds.&nbsp; &nbsp;A&nbsp; principal &nbsp;\u00e9 &nbsp;a &nbsp;Lei Mineral,&nbsp; &nbsp;que&nbsp;&nbsp; se &nbsp;aplica a &nbsp;todos &nbsp;os &nbsp;minerais exceto \u00e1gua, petr\u00f3leo, g\u00e1s &nbsp;e ur\u00e2nio.<\/p>\n<p>Na R\u00fassia, &nbsp;a Constitui\u00e7\u00e3o disp\u00f5e que &nbsp;autoridades federais e&nbsp; regionais t\u00eam &nbsp;compet\u00eancia para&nbsp; &nbsp;regular&nbsp; o &nbsp;uso &nbsp;do &nbsp;subsolo. &nbsp;Em termos pr\u00e1ticos, a principal regula\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 feita na esfe- ra federal, pouco &nbsp;sobrando para &nbsp;as&nbsp; autorida- des&nbsp; &nbsp;regionais. &nbsp;Tamb\u00e9m&nbsp; &nbsp;existe&nbsp; &nbsp;um&nbsp;&nbsp; sistema pr\u00f3prio&nbsp;&nbsp; de &nbsp;classifica\u00e7\u00e3o de &nbsp;reservas. Os &nbsp;recursos minerais pertencem ao Estado, que outorga &nbsp;direito &nbsp;de&nbsp; pesquisa e lavra &nbsp;aos &nbsp;particulares. N\u00e3o h\u00e1 recursos minerais de dom\u00ednio privado, como ocorre, &nbsp;por exemplo, no Brasil (Manifestos de &nbsp;Minas) &nbsp;ou Estados Unidos.<\/p>\n<p>Na Tail\u00e2ndia, a minera\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 regulada pelo Minist\u00e9rio &nbsp;da &nbsp;Ind\u00fastria. &nbsp;H\u00e1 um&nbsp; \u00f3rg\u00e3o &nbsp;executor central e um local com compet\u00eancia administrativa mineral.<\/p>\n<p>Na Ucr\u00e2nia, &nbsp;a minera\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9&nbsp; regulada por &nbsp;leis elaboradas pelo&nbsp; Parlamento e os regulamentos&nbsp; dos &nbsp;\u00f3rg\u00e3os &nbsp;administrativos. As principais entidades ligadas \u00e0 minera\u00e7\u00e3o s\u00e3o:&nbsp; Minist\u00e9rio da Ecologia &nbsp;e Recursos &nbsp;Naturais, &nbsp;o Servi\u00e7o&nbsp; de Geologia e Subsolo &nbsp;e o Servi\u00e7o &nbsp;de Supervis\u00e3o de Seguran\u00e7a Mineral&nbsp; e Industrial. Essas entidades t\u00eam departamentos locais &nbsp;com compet\u00eancia &nbsp;para &nbsp;fiscalizar a minera\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Na s\u00e9rie &nbsp;Direito&nbsp; Miner\u00e1rio &nbsp;comparado, estudamos &nbsp;os pa\u00edses asi\u00e1ticos em geral.(1) &nbsp;Al\u00e9m da China, &nbsp;que &nbsp;j\u00e1 &nbsp;foi &nbsp;estudada, h\u00e1 &nbsp;o&nbsp; Azerbaj\u00e3o, onde&nbsp; a atividade mineral \u00e9 basicamente regu- lada &nbsp;em&nbsp; n\u00edvel &nbsp;federal. Apenas &nbsp;em&nbsp; casos &nbsp;limi- tados h\u00e1 regula\u00e7\u00e3o da minera\u00e7\u00e3o em n\u00edvel municipal. Adota-se &nbsp;o sistema &nbsp;misto de outorga &nbsp;de&nbsp; explora\u00e7\u00e3o de&nbsp; Direitos &nbsp;Miner\u00e1rios [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":14897,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[36,138],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1123","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-artigos","category-belo-horizonte"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/adz.technology\/demarest\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1123","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/adz.technology\/demarest\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/adz.technology\/demarest\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/adz.technology\/demarest\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/adz.technology\/demarest\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1123"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/adz.technology\/demarest\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1123\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":171064,"href":"https:\/\/adz.technology\/demarest\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1123\/revisions\/171064"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/adz.technology\/demarest\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1123"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/adz.technology\/demarest\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1123"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/adz.technology\/demarest\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1123"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}